{"id":300,"date":"2024-02-15T09:49:48","date_gmt":"2024-02-15T09:49:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mapem.it\/?page_id=300"},"modified":"2024-03-26T14:19:48","modified_gmt":"2024-03-26T14:19:48","slug":"teca-2-stucchi-affreschi-marmi","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.mapem.it\/?page_id=300","title":{"rendered":"TECA 2 &#8211; STUCCHI &#8211; AFFRESCHI &#8211; MARMI"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"300\" class=\"elementor elementor-300\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-943a685 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"943a685\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-45eb557 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"45eb557\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-25328a7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"25328a7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f42ea1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6f42ea1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.19.0 - 28-02-2024 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">TECA 2<br>\nSTUCCHI \u2013 AFFRESCHI \u2013 MARMI<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36fa5da elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36fa5da\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.19.0 - 28-02-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p>Lo <b>stucco<\/b> \u00e8 costituito da un impasto di<b> gesso o marmo tritato finissimo, con calce e pozzolana<\/b>. Si lavora spesso a umido impastandolo, modellandolo con l\u2019aiuto di stampi oppure a mano libera e infine steso il colore.<\/p>\n<p>In tal modo si ottengono <b>decorazioni a bassorilievi<\/b> che fin dall\u2019antichit\u00e0 ebbero largo impiego nelle architetture, sia all\u2019interno che all\u2019esterno, per le <b>volte, i soffitti e le pareti<\/b>.<\/p>\n<p>Dei frammenti rinvenuti nella <b>villa di Rufione<\/b>, alcuni dipinti di rosso, giallo e azzurro, riprendono le decorazioni che si trovano negli affreschi con linee ornamentali di palmette, ovoli e dentelli <strong>(1, 2, 3)<\/strong>, busti <strong>(4)<\/strong>, mentre altri sono stati utilizzati per abbellire elementi strutturali come trabeazioni o colonne. Una voluta in stucco bianco <strong>(5)<\/strong> ornava un capitello corinzio e un \u201cdentello\u201d faceva parte della trabeazione <strong>(6)<\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-88c6d78 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-wp-widget-media_audio\" data-id=\"88c6d78\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wp-widget-media_audio.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h5>ASCOLTA L&#8217;AUDIOGUIDA<\/h5><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-300-1\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/wav\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mapem.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/stucco-1.wav?_=1\" \/><source type=\"audio\/wav\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mapem.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/stucco-1.wav?_=1\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mapem.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/stucco-1.wav\">https:\/\/www.mapem.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/stucco-1.wav<\/a><\/audio>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f997928 elementor-arrows-position-inside elementor-pagination-position-outside elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-carousel\" data-id=\"f997928\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;slides_to_show&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;navigation&quot;:&quot;both&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_hover&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_interaction&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;autoplay_speed&quot;:5000,&quot;infinite&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;speed&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"image-carousel.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.19.0 - 28-02-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image-carousel .swiper,.elementor-widget-image-carousel 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class=\"elementor-image-carousel-caption\">3<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/a><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"4 di 6\"><a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"f997928\" data-elementor-lightbox-description=\"4\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MzIyLCJ1cmwiOiJodHRwczpcL1wvd3d3Lm1hcGVtLml0XC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC80LmpwZyIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6ImY5OTc5MjgifQ%3D%3D\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mapem.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/4.jpg\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mapem.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/4-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"4\" \/><figcaption class=\"elementor-image-carousel-caption\">4<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/a><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"5 di 6\"><a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"f997928\" data-elementor-lightbox-description=\"5 voluta di capitello\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MzIzLCJ1cmwiOiJodHRwczpcL1wvd3d3Lm1hcGVtLml0XC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC81LXZvbHV0YS1kaS1jYXBpdGVsbG8uanBnIiwic2xpZGVzaG93IjoiZjk5NzkyOCJ9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mapem.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/5-voluta-di-capitello.jpg\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mapem.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/5-voluta-di-capitello-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"5 voluta di capitello\" \/><figcaption class=\"elementor-image-carousel-caption\">5 voluta di capitello<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/a><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"6 di 6\"><a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"f997928\" data-elementor-lightbox-description=\"6 dentello\" 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class=\"eicon-chevron-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-pagination\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60f60a6 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"60f60a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.19.0 - 28-02-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-divider{--divider-border-style:none;--divider-border-width:1px;--divider-color:#0c0d0e;--divider-icon-size:20px;--divider-element-spacing:10px;--divider-pattern-height:24px;--divider-pattern-size:20px;--divider-pattern-url:none;--divider-pattern-repeat:repeat-x}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider{display:flex}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider__text{font-size:15px;line-height:1;max-width:95%}.elementor-widget-divider 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.elementor-divider__text{direction:rtl}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-divider,.e-con>.elementor-widget-divider{width:var(--container-widget-width,100%);--flex-grow:var(--container-widget-flex-grow)}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7baa474 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7baa474\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-03afb5b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"03afb5b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8d9b931 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8d9b931\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><b>GLI AFFRESCHI<\/b><\/h5><p>L\u2019affresco \u00e8 un\u2019antichissima tecnica pittorica che si realizza dipingendo con <b>pigmenti generalmente di origine minerale<\/b> stemperati in acqua su intonaco fresco.<\/p><p>Una volta che nell\u2019intonaco si sia completato il processo di carbonatazione, il colore ne sar\u00e0 completamente inglobato, acquistando cos\u00ec particolare resistenza all\u2019acqua e al tempo.<\/p><p>Sia <b>Vitruvio che Plinio il Vecchio<\/b> trattano nelle loro opere della preparazione dei diversi strati di intonaco su cui si stendeva la pittura (<em>tectorium<\/em>).<\/p><p>Sul muro veniva applicato un arriccio di malta mista a calce, sul quale si applicava un sottile strato di intonaco. La regola esigeva la stratificazione di ben <b>sette livelli<\/b>, anche se solo in casi rarissimi era rispettata alla lettera.<\/p><p>L\u2019ultimo strato veniva steso nel momento stesso in cui si decideva di eseguire l\u2019affresco e doveva rimanere umido per tutta l\u2019operazione decorativa, che poteva svolgersi anche in pi\u00f9 giornate. I soggetti raffigurati potevano essere molteplici e variarono <b>a seconda del gusto del momento<\/b>. Nel nostro caso si tratta di <b>elementi decorativi<\/b> (<b>palmette, onde, volute<\/b>\u2026) che ripartivano la parete sia orizzontalmente che verticalmente, ma non mancano <b>oggetti di uso quotidiano, animali, o raffigurazioni umane<\/b>.<\/p><p>Alcuni dei colori usati erano talmente <b>preziosi<\/b> che venivano direttamente forniti dal committente ed erano: <b>l\u2019<em>Armenium<\/em> e l\u2019<em>Indicum<\/em>,<\/b> utilizzati per rendere gli azzurri; la <em><b>chriscolla<\/b><\/em> per il verde; il <b><em>minium<\/em> e il <em>cinnabris<\/em><\/b>, mescolati ad altri colori, per ottenere il \u201c<b>rosso pompeiano<\/b>\u201d.<\/p><p>Negli affreschi dell\u2019antichit\u00e0 vengono distinti \u201c<b>quattro stili pompeiani\u201d<\/b>. <b>I stile (ca 200-100 a.C.): <\/b>uso abbondante dello stucco a rilievo e colorato, imita le murature in blocchi di marmo policromi dei palazzi ellenistici. <b>II stile (ca 100-30 a.C.)<\/b>: prevalenza del figurato nel segno dell\u2019illusione prospettica. <b>III stile (ca 30 a.C. \u2013 50 d.C.)<\/b>: profonde differenze nella concezione dello spazio.<b> IV stile (ca 50-79 d.C.)<\/b>: libert\u00e0 espressiva con cui si rielaborano gli stili precedenti.<\/p><p>Nella <b>villa di Rufione<\/b> prevalgono gli affreschi di <b>III e IV stile<\/b>, con sfondamenti prospettici, finte finestre, ecc.<\/p><p>Si possono notare un viso femminile con capelli rossi <strong>(7)<\/strong>, un corpo maschile che regge un\u2019asta nella mano sinistra <strong>(8)<\/strong>, un <em>flamen<\/em> (sacerdote)<strong> (9)<\/strong>, parte di un corpo femminile con tunica gialla e braccio sinistro piegato sul ventre <strong>(10)<\/strong>, uno scudo da legionario <strong>(11)<\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c845f6 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-wp-widget-media_audio\" data-id=\"1c845f6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wp-widget-media_audio.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h5>ASCOLTA L&#8217;AUDIOGUIDA<\/h5><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-300-2\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/wav\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mapem.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/affreschi-2.wav?_=2\" \/><source type=\"audio\/wav\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mapem.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/affreschi-2.wav?_=2\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mapem.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/affreschi-2.wav\">https:\/\/www.mapem.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/affreschi-2.wav<\/a><\/audio>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c42aabd elementor-arrows-position-inside elementor-pagination-position-outside elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-carousel\" data-id=\"c42aabd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;slides_to_show&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;navigation&quot;:&quot;both&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_hover&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_interaction&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;autoplay_speed&quot;:5000,&quot;infinite&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;speed&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"image-carousel.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-carousel-wrapper swiper\" dir=\"ltr\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-carousel swiper-wrapper\" aria-live=\"off\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"1 di 5\"><a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"c42aabd\" data-elementor-lightbox-description=\"7\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MzE0LCJ1cmwiOiJodHRwczpcL1wvd3d3Lm1hcGVtLml0XC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC83LTEuanBnIiwic2xpZGVzaG93IjoiYzQyYWFiZCJ9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mapem.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/7-1.jpg\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mapem.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/7-1-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"7\" \/><figcaption class=\"elementor-image-carousel-caption\">7<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/a><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"2 di 5\"><a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"c42aabd\" data-elementor-lightbox-description=\"8\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MzE1LCJ1cmwiOiJodHRwczpcL1wvd3d3Lm1hcGVtLml0XC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC84LTEuanBnIiwic2xpZGVzaG93IjoiYzQyYWFiZCJ9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mapem.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/8-1.jpg\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mapem.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/8-1-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"8\" \/><figcaption class=\"elementor-image-carousel-caption\">8<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/a><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"3 di 5\"><a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"c42aabd\" data-elementor-lightbox-description=\"9\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MzE2LCJ1cmwiOiJodHRwczpcL1wvd3d3Lm1hcGVtLml0XC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC85LTEuanBnIiwic2xpZGVzaG93IjoiYzQyYWFiZCJ9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mapem.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/9-1.jpg\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mapem.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/9-1-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"9\" \/><figcaption class=\"elementor-image-carousel-caption\">9<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/a><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"4 di 5\"><a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"c42aabd\" data-elementor-lightbox-description=\"10\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MzE3LCJ1cmwiOiJodHRwczpcL1wvd3d3Lm1hcGVtLml0XC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8xMC0xLmpwZyIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6ImM0MmFhYmQifQ%3D%3D\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mapem.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/10-1.jpg\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mapem.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/10-1-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"10\" \/><figcaption class=\"elementor-image-carousel-caption\">10<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/a><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"5 di 5\"><a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"c42aabd\" data-elementor-lightbox-description=\"11\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MzE4LCJ1cmwiOiJodHRwczpcL1wvd3d3Lm1hcGVtLml0XC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8xMS0zLmpwZyIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6ImM0MmFhYmQifQ%3D%3D\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mapem.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/11-3.jpg\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mapem.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/11-3-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"11\" \/><figcaption class=\"elementor-image-carousel-caption\">11<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/a><\/div>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper-button elementor-swiper-button-prev\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"eicon-chevron-left\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper-button elementor-swiper-button-next\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"eicon-chevron-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-pagination\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-673dcd0 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"673dcd0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b9e7e4c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b9e7e4c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\" data-core-v316-plus=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c8b2c4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6c8b2c4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;full&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a561061 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a561061\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;content_width&quot;:&quot;boxed&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-569d367 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"569d367\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5><b>I MARMI<\/b><\/h5><p>Una grande quantit\u00e0 di marmi sono stati rinvenuti nel sito di <b>Giano dell\u2019Umbria<\/b> rivelando una ricca committenza. Lastre di marmo che rivestivano pavimenti e pareti fino ad una altezza di circa<b> 1 metro<\/b>. Il marmo colorato proviene dalle cave di tutto il bacino del mediterraneo.<\/p><p><b>Il marmo cipollino<\/b><strong> (12)<\/strong> veniva estratto in numerose cave situate sulla costa sud-occidentale dell\u2019isola di <b>Eubea, in Grecia<\/b>, tra le attuali citt\u00e0 di <b>Styra e Karystos<\/b>. Alcune di queste cave antiche conservano fronti di estrazione lunghi oltre 100 metri. Importato a Roma dal I secolo a.C., venne utilizzato fino al tardo V secolo, in et\u00e0 bizantina.<\/p><p><b>Il marmo africano<\/b> <strong>(13)<\/strong> si diffuse rapidamente a Roma e venne utilizzato per lastre di rivestimento pavimentali e parietali, vasche e colonne.<\/p><p><b>La variet\u00e0 bigia<\/b><strong> (14)<\/strong> veniva estratta in cave situate presso la citt\u00e0 antica di <b>Teos, <\/b>vicino a <b>Smirne, in Turchia.<\/b><\/p><p>Detto anche marmo della <b>Numidia<\/b>,<b> il marmo giallo antico <\/b><strong>(15)<\/strong> veniva estratto in cave situate presso la citt\u00e0 antica di <b>Simitthus in Tunisia<\/b>. Le cave divennero ben presto di propriet\u00e0 imperiale e questa variet\u00e0 di marmo venne largamente utilizzata per fusti di colonna e rivestimenti parietali e pavimentali negli edifici pubblici delle citt\u00e0 pi\u00f9 vicine alla costa mediterranea.<\/p><p><b>Il marmo pavonazzetto<\/b> <strong>(16)<\/strong> \u00e8 un tipo di <b>marmo bianco<\/b> con venature di colore violaceo scuro, come nella coda del pavone. E\u2019 chiamato anche<b> frigio<\/b>, per la sua provenienza dall\u2019omonima regione dell<b>\u2019Asia Minore in Turchia<\/b>. Il pavonazzetto fu uno dei marmi colorati pi\u00f9 apprezzati e diffusi nella Roma antica; veniva usato per pavimenti, colonne e ornamenti sia per colonne sia per statue come, per esempio, nel <b>Foro di Traiano<\/b>.<\/p><p>I<b>l Portasanta<\/b><strong> (17)<\/strong> fu uno dei marmi pi\u00f9 usati a Roma. Si estraeva nell<b>\u2019isola greca di Chios in Grecia<\/b>. Oggi \u00e8 denominato \u201c<b>portasanta<\/b>\u201d poich\u00e9 \u00e8 stato riutilizzato negli stipiti della <b>Porta Santa di san Pietro in Vaticano<\/b>. Fu estratto in grandi quantit\u00e0 e impiegato a Roma dal <b>II secolo a.C<\/b>..<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-33d1105 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-wp-widget-media_audio\" data-id=\"33d1105\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wp-widget-media_audio.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h5>ASCOLTA L&#8217;AUDIOGUIDA<\/h5><audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-300-3\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/wav\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mapem.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/marmi_ok.wav?_=3\" \/><source type=\"audio\/wav\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mapem.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/marmi_ok.wav?_=3\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mapem.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/marmi_ok.wav\">https:\/\/www.mapem.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/marmi_ok.wav<\/a><\/audio>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a52ae22 elementor-arrows-position-inside elementor-pagination-position-outside elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-carousel\" data-id=\"a52ae22\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;slides_to_show&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;navigation&quot;:&quot;both&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_hover&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_interaction&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;autoplay_speed&quot;:5000,&quot;infinite&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;speed&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"image-carousel.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-carousel-wrapper swiper\" dir=\"ltr\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-carousel swiper-wrapper\" aria-live=\"off\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"1 di 8\"><a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"a52ae22\" data-elementor-lightbox-description=\"12 cipollino apuano\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MzI3LCJ1cmwiOiJodHRwczpcL1wvd3d3Lm1hcGVtLml0XC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8xMi1DSVBPTExJTk8tQVBVQU5PXzEwMzAuanBnIiwic2xpZGVzaG93IjoiYTUyYWUyMiJ9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mapem.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/12-CIPOLLINO-APUANO_1030.jpg\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mapem.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/12-CIPOLLINO-APUANO_1030-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"12 cipollino apuano\" \/><figcaption class=\"elementor-image-carousel-caption\">12 cipollino apuano<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/a><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"2 di 8\"><a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"a52ae22\" data-elementor-lightbox-description=\"13 africano\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MzI4LCJ1cmwiOiJodHRwczpcL1wvd3d3Lm1hcGVtLml0XC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8xMy1hZnJpY2Fuby5qcGciLCJzbGlkZXNob3ciOiJhNTJhZTIyIn0%3D\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mapem.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/13-africano.jpg\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mapem.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/13-africano-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"13 africano\" \/><figcaption class=\"elementor-image-carousel-caption\">13 africano<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/a><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"3 di 8\"><a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"a52ae22\" data-elementor-lightbox-description=\"14 africano variet\u00e0 bigia\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MzI5LCJ1cmwiOiJodHRwczpcL1wvd3d3Lm1hcGVtLml0XC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8xNC1hZnJpY2Fuby12YXJpZXRhLWJpZ2lhLnBuZyIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6ImE1MmFlMjIifQ%3D%3D\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mapem.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/14-africano-varieta-bigia.png\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mapem.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/14-africano-varieta-bigia-150x150.png\" alt=\"14 africano variet\u00e0 bigia\" \/><figcaption class=\"elementor-image-carousel-caption\">14 africano variet\u00e0 bigia<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/a><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"4 di 8\"><a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"a52ae22\" data-elementor-lightbox-description=\"15 giallo antico\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MzMwLCJ1cmwiOiJodHRwczpcL1wvd3d3Lm1hcGVtLml0XC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8xNS1naWFsbGFudC5qcGciLCJzbGlkZXNob3ciOiJhNTJhZTIyIn0%3D\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mapem.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-giallant.jpg\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mapem.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/15-giallant-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"15 giallo antico\" \/><figcaption class=\"elementor-image-carousel-caption\">15 giallo antico<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/a><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"5 di 8\"><a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"a52ae22\" data-elementor-lightbox-description=\"16 pavonazzetto\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MzMyLCJ1cmwiOiJodHRwczpcL1wvd3d3Lm1hcGVtLml0XC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8xNi1wYXZvbmF6emV0dG8uanBnIiwic2xpZGVzaG93IjoiYTUyYWUyMiJ9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mapem.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/16-pavonazzetto.jpg\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mapem.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/16-pavonazzetto-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"16 pavonazzetto\" \/><figcaption class=\"elementor-image-carousel-caption\">16 pavonazzetto<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/a><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"6 di 8\"><a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"a52ae22\" data-elementor-lightbox-description=\"16 pavonazzetto (2)\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MzMxLCJ1cmwiOiJodHRwczpcL1wvd3d3Lm1hcGVtLml0XC93cC1jb250ZW50XC91cGxvYWRzXC8xNi1wYXZvbmF6emV0dG8tMi5qcGciLCJzbGlkZXNob3ciOiJhNTJhZTIyIn0%3D\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mapem.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/16-pavonazzetto-2.jpg\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mapem.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/16-pavonazzetto-2-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"16 pavonazzetto (2)\" \/><figcaption class=\"elementor-image-carousel-caption\">16 pavonazzetto (2)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/a><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"7 di 8\"><a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"a52ae22\" data-elementor-lightbox-description=\"17 portasanta\" 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